The Physics of Climate Change: Modeling Earth's Energy Balance

Authors

  • Ahmed Khan Institute of Atmospheric Science, Lahore, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.66238/fsrma28

Keywords:

Climate Change, Energy Balance, Greenhouse Gases, Radiative Forcing, Climate Models, Earth System, Global Warming

Abstract

The physics of climate change revolves around the complex interactions between the Earth's energy balance, atmospheric processes, and human activities. Earth’s energy balance is primarily determined by the absorption of solar radiation and the emission of infrared radiation back into space. This article provides an overview of the physical principles governing the Earth's energy balance and its role in climate change. It focuses on how changes in greenhouse gas concentrations, aerosol levels, and land-use practices influence the planet's energy budget. Various climate models are discussed to demonstrate how these factors affect the global climate system. Through these models, we examine predictions of future climate scenarios and the implications for policy and global sustainability.

References

Ahmad, N. R. (2026). AI-enabled public governance in developing states: Service delivery gains, accountability risks, and a practical risk-based regulatory model. Lex Localis - Journal of Local Self-Government, 24(S1), 99-117. https://doi.org/10.52152/wja5db40

Toor, M. J., Shabbir, S., Rauf, A., Nisar, A., Safdar, S., & Zaib-Un-Nisa. (n.d.). The role of structured-communication-technique in developing pragmatic language capability among ASD-children. https://doi.org/10.63878/cjssr.v3i2.785

Toor, M. J., Mehmood, H., Yasmeen, A., Honey, Q., Waseem, M., & Wasif, M. (n.d.). Exploring the effect of verbal encouraging phrases (VEP) on Chinese language learners’ academic achievement at university level.

Toor, M. J., Arafat, M., Ayoub, M., Ali, M., & Alessi Longa, F. E. (n.d.). From coherent self to fragmented persona: Digital identity fragmentation and academic self-concept among Generation Z, with comparative insights from Generation Alpha. https://doi.org/10.63878/cjssr.v4i2.2318

Katsitadze, N., Kharadze, N., & Pirtskhalaishvili, D. (2025). The impact of social media on students’ effective time management. Baltic Journal of Economic Studies, 11(1), 200–210. https://doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2025-11-1-200-210

Toor, M. J., Zafar, S., Omer, F., Sarwar, M., & Hussain, A. K. (n.d.). Teachers’ perspectives on effectiveness of translanguaging in enhancing English language learning at secondary school level.

Downloads

Published

2025-12-31

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 03 (2025): Fundamental Scientific Reports in Multidisciplinary Areas

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Ahmed Khan

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

License Terms (Recommended – CC BY 4.0)

All articles published in Fundamental Scientific Reports in Multidisciplinary Areas are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).

This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are properly cited. Users are allowed to copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, including commercial use, as long as appropriate credit is given.

Authors retain copyright of their work while granting the journal the right of first publication. The journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.

For more information about this license, visit:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/